Classroom lesson · Food · 🇧🇴 Bolivia

Api Morado

Bolivia's warming purple maize drink — best on a cold morning

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Api morado is a thick, warm drink made from purple maize, cinnamon, cloves and sugar. It is a beautiful deep purple-red colour and has a comforting, sweet, spiced flavour. It is one of Bolivia's favourite morning drinks, especially in the cold mountain cities of La Paz, Potosí and Oruro.

Tell me more

Purple maize (also called purple corn) is a special variety grown in the Andes for thousands of years. It gets its striking colour from natural pigments called anthocyanins — the same pigments that make blueberries blue and red cabbage red. These pigments are good for you, and Andean people have known this long before scientists gave them a name.

Api morado is usually served alongside buñuelos — light, puffy fried dough pastries dusted with icing sugar. Dipping the buñuelo into the warm api is a classic combination that Bolivian children and grandparents alike enjoy. Market vendors in La Paz sell it from giant clay pots early in the morning.

There are two types of api: morado (purple, made from purple maize) and api blanco (white, made from white maize). The purple version is more common and has a stronger, more complex flavour. Some families add a squeeze of lemon on top, which turns the colour from purple to an even brighter pink due to a chemical reaction!

Api morado is a great example of how Andean people have used local ingredients for thousands of years. The Incas drank maize-based drinks long before European contact. Today the drink is still made in much the same way it has always been — a direct link between modern Bolivians and their ancient ancestors.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Purple maize, blueberries and red cabbage all have the same natural pigment. Why do you think plants make such bright colours?
  2. 02Adding lemon changes api's colour from purple to pink. Can you think of other colour-changing reactions you have seen?
  3. 03Bolivia has kept making api the same way for thousands of years. Why might communities choose to keep old recipes alive?
Try this

Classroom activity

Explore anthocyanins! Make red cabbage juice by boiling red cabbage in water. Pour a little into two cups. Add a spoonful of vinegar (acid) to one and a spoonful of bicarbonate of soda (alkali) to the other. Watch what happens to the colour. This is the same pigment that makes api morado purple!