Classroom lesson · Plitvice Lakes · 🇭🇷 Croatia

Plitvice Lakes

Sixteen turquoise lakes linked by waterfalls in a forest

Wooden walkways over brilliantly turquoise lakes at Plitvice, surrounded by forest

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Plitvice Lakes is a national park in central Croatia made up of sixteen stunning lakes arranged one above the other, like a giant staircase. Each lake overflows into the one below it through waterfalls and rushing streams. The water is an astonishing turquoise colour - somewhere between blue and green - and it is so clear you can watch trout swimming inside it.

Tell me more

The lakes formed over thousands of years through a natural process. The water in this region is full of a mineral called calcium carbonate. As the water flows over mosses and plants, tiny layers of rock build up slowly - a bit like how a stalactite grows in a cave. These rock barriers, called 'travertine', gradually dammed the streams into the sixteen lakes you see today.

Visitors walk along wooden boardwalks that sit right on the water surface, sometimes with the lake glimmering turquoise just centimetres below their feet. There are also boat rides across the largest lake. Everything feels slightly magical, like walking through a fairy-tale world.

The park is home to bears, wolves, lynx, deer and hundreds of bird species. Because the park is protected, the animals are not afraid of humans and have been known to wander close to the paths. The forest around the lakes is thick with oak, beech and fir trees.

Plitvice was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979 - one of the first natural sites in Europe to receive that honour. It is Croatia's most visited national park, but even in busy seasons the waterfalls keep roaring and the fish keep swimming, completely unbothered.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01The barriers between the lakes formed over thousands of years, one tiny layer at a time. What other things in the world change so slowly that you would not notice it happening?
  2. 02The fish in the lakes are perfectly safe because nobody is allowed to fish there. What might happen to the lake over 100 years if it was protected? What if it was not?
  3. 03If you could add a UNESCO World Heritage plaque to one place in your country, where would you choose and why?
Try this

Classroom activity

Set up a simple experiment: put a piece of chalk (calcium carbonate) in a glass of water and stir until some dissolves. Dip a piece of wool in and let it dry. Does a thin coating appear? Repeat a few times and discuss: if this happened in a stream for 10,000 years, what might form?