Classroom lesson · Aïr and Ténéré Natural Reserves · 🇳🇪 Niger

Aïr and Ténéré Natural Reserves

One of Africa's largest protected wildernesses — a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Aïr and Ténéré Natural Reserves cover a huge area in northern Niger — bigger than the whole of the United Kingdom. They protect two very different landscapes sitting side by side: the rocky Aïr Mountains and the sandy sea of dunes called the Ténéré. Together they form one of the largest protected areas in all of Africa.

Tell me more

The Ténéré is part of the Sahara Desert and is famous for being one of the emptiest places on Earth. For hundreds of kilometres there is almost nothing but sand — rippling dunes as tall as houses, shaped by the wind into perfect curves. Caravans of camels have crossed these dunes for thousands of years, carrying salt, gold and spices between distant towns.

Right next to the Ténéré, the Aïr Mountains rise up like a green island in the middle of the desert. Because the mountains catch rain that the flat desert misses, trees and shrubs grow in the valleys, and animals that could never survive on the open dunes find food and shelter here. Ostrich, dorcas gazelle and the rare addax antelope all live in these protected lands.

The reserves were given UNESCO World Heritage status in 1991, which means the whole world agreed they are too special to lose. Scientists, rangers and local Tuareg communities work together to look after the wildlife and the ancient rock paintings left by people who lived here thousands of years ago.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01How might an animal change over thousands of years to survive in a very hot, dry place?
  2. 02Camel caravans crossed the Ténéré for thousands of years. Why do you think people would make such a long, difficult journey?
  3. 03The rock paintings show animals that no longer live there. What do you think they tell us about how the Sahara has changed?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw a map of the Aïr and Ténéré area on A3 paper. On one half, draw the rocky mountain landscape with trees in the valleys. On the other half, draw the sandy desert dunes. Add three animals to each side and label them.