Classroom lesson 路 Wildlife馃嚬馃嚳 Tanzania

Black rhinoceros

Heavy, fast, short-sighted - and one of the rarest animals in Africa

A black rhinoceros standing in scrubland with a small bird on its back

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The black rhinoceros is a heavy, armoured animal with two big horns on its nose. Despite the name, it is not really black - more dark grey. It used to be common across Africa, but today there are only a few thousand left in the wild. The Ngorongoro Crater in Tanzania is one of the last places you can still see them.

Tell me more

A black rhino weighs about as much as a small car - around 1,000 to 1,400 kilograms. Even though it is so heavy, it can run at 55 kilometres an hour for a short distance. That is faster than most racehorses. When a rhino decides to charge, the ground actually shakes.

Black rhinos have very poor eyesight - they can barely tell a tree apart from a person if you stand still. But their sense of smell is amazing, and their ears can twist independently like little radar dishes. They use smell and sound to know what is around them, not their eyes.

Black rhinos eat leaves, twigs and thorny bushes. (Their cousins the white rhinos eat grass instead.) A black rhino's lip is pointed and grippy, like a finger, so it can pick the exact leaves it wants from a thorny branch without getting pricked.

Black rhinos often have small birds called oxpeckers riding on their backs. The birds eat the ticks and flies that bother the rhino. The rhino gets cleaned; the bird gets a meal. It is one of the most famous examples in nature of two animals helping each other - scientists call it a 'partnership'.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01If your eyesight was poor but your ears could turn like radar, what would change about how you got around?
  2. 02Why might a heavy animal like a rhino need to be fast as well as strong?
  3. 03Oxpeckers and rhinos help each other. Can you think of other animals (or humans!) that work together like that?
Try this

Classroom activity

On A4, design your own 'partnership pair' - two animals that help each other. Draw both and label what each one gives the other. Share around the class. Have any two pupils invented the same pairing?