Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇹🇹 Trinidad and Tobago

Scarlet Ibis

Trinidad's national bird — one of the reddest birds on Earth

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The scarlet ibis is the national bird of Trinidad and Tobago, and it is one of the most strikingly colourful birds on the planet. Its feathers are a vivid, intense red — almost like a bird dipped in paint. Every evening, thousands of them fly into the Caroni Bird Sanctuary to roost, turning the mangrove trees brilliant red.

Tell me more

The scarlet ibis gets its amazing red colour from its food. It eats small crabs and other shellfish in the mangrove swamps, and those creatures contain a natural pigment called carotenoid. The bird's body converts this into the vivid red that covers almost every feather — even its legs, bill, and feet.

At the Caroni Bird Sanctuary on Trinidad, boat tours go out in the late afternoon to watch the ibis arrive for the night. Hundreds and then thousands of birds come in waves, landing in the green mangrove trees and transforming them into clusters of bright red. It looks like the trees are on fire.

The scarlet ibis uses its long, curved bill to probe into the mud and shallow water, searching for crabs, shrimps, and small fish. It walks slowly and deliberately, tilting its head and feeling for movement with that sensitive curved beak.

In Trinidad and Tobago, the scarlet ibis appears on the national coat of arms alongside the cocrico — the national bird of Tobago. Seeing both birds together is considered very good fortune. The ibis is a protected species, which means it is looked after carefully by law.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01The scarlet ibis gets its colour from what it eats. Do you know any other animals that get their colour from food? (Hint: think flamingos!)
  2. 02Thousands of birds roost together in the same trees each evening. Why might birds prefer to sleep in large groups?
  3. 03If you were designing a national symbol for your country, what animal or plant would you choose and why?
  4. 04The ibis is protected by law. Why do you think some countries pass laws to protect certain animals?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw a sequence of four panels showing a scarlet ibis's day: (1) wading in the Caroni swamp at sunrise, (2) catching a crab with its curved bill, (3) flying across the sky in a flock, and (4) roosting in a mangrove tree at sunset. Use as much red as possible!