Classroom lesson 路 Wildlife馃嚳馃嚰 Zimbabwe

Hwange National Park

Zimbabwe's biggest park, home to 45,000 elephants

Photo 路 Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Hwange is Zimbabwe's largest national park, in the west of the country near the border with Botswana. It is about the size of Belgium. Hwange is famous for having one of the biggest elephant populations in the world - around 45,000 elephants live there.

Tell me more

Hwange is mostly dry. There are very few rivers, so animals depend on waterholes scattered across the park. Many of these waterholes are pumped using solar power - rangers and volunteers keep them topped up all year so the elephants, buffalo, giraffes and zebras have somewhere to drink. Without those pumps, the park would be very different.

The park has more than 100 kinds of mammal and over 400 kinds of bird. Lions, leopards, cheetahs and wild dogs all live here. Painted wild dogs are one of the rarest animals in Africa, and Hwange is one of the best places left to find them. They hunt in packs and 'vote' by sneezing - if enough dogs sneeze, the pack agrees to start moving.

Hwange used to be the royal hunting ground of a Ndebele king called Mzilikazi. In 1928, his hunting ground was protected as a national park. Today the local communities around it work as guides, trackers and rangers. Many guides have grown up knowing the park's animals as individuals - they can recognise specific elephants by the shape of their ears.

One famous old elephant called 'Nzou' lived in Hwange for over 50 years and was the matriarch of a buffalo herd, not an elephant family. She had been adopted as a calf by a herd of buffalo and never left them. Stories like Nzou show that wild animals can surprise us if we watch them long enough.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Hwange's waterholes are kept full by people pumping water in. What might happen to the animals if nobody did that?
  2. 02Wild dogs 'vote' by sneezing. What other animals do you know that make decisions as a group?
  3. 03Guides in Hwange can recognise individual elephants. What clues might help you tell two elephants apart?
Try this

Classroom activity

Each pupil gets a blank elephant outline. Add a special detail - a torn ear, a chipped tusk, a unique skin pattern. Mix all the elephants up on the floor. Now find your own again. How easy was it? How might a ranger learn to recognise 45,000 of them?