Classroom lesson · Nicosia Old Town · 🇨🇾 Cyprus

Nicosia Old Town

A circular walled city full of hidden markets and history

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Nicosia is the capital city of Cyprus, and its old centre is surrounded by a ring of old stone walls that were built hundreds of years ago. Inside the walls you will find winding streets, colourful markets, traditional coffee shops, and beautiful old buildings. It is one of the most fascinating walled cities in the whole Mediterranean region.

Tell me more

The walls around Nicosia old town are shaped like a perfect circle with eleven pointed star-shaped sections sticking out, called bastions. They were designed in the 1500s by Venetian engineers who were very clever at building fortifications. Today the old moat — the ditch that used to run around the outside — has been turned into gardens and a cycle path.

Inside the walls, narrow cobbled streets lead you past workshops where craftspeople still make traditional goods: leather bags, silver jewellery, painted pottery. Some streets suddenly open into small squares shaded by big trees, with elderly men playing backgammon and the smell of fresh coffee drifting from a nearby café.

Nicosia old town has layers of history visible everywhere. Ancient columns are built into later walls; a Venetian column stands in the town square; and the Great Mosque — once a medieval cathedral — stands as evidence of the many civilisations that have made this city their home. Walking through the streets is like reading a very long history book.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01What would it feel like to live inside a city surrounded by big walls? Would it feel safe, cosy, cramped, or exciting?
  2. 02Why do you think engineers made the walls in a circle with pointy star shapes sticking out?
  3. 03Nicosia has been home to many different peoples over thousands of years. How does that mixing of cultures change a city?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw a bird's-eye view of a circular walled town. Add eleven star-shaped bastions around the edge. Inside the walls, design five things you would want your town to have. Label each one and explain why you chose it.