Classroom lesson · Festival · 🇩🇴 Dominican Republic

Carnaval & Vegano Masks

The most colourful party in the Caribbean

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Every February the Dominican Republic holds Carnaval — a month-long celebration full of music, dancing, colourful costumes and spectacular parades. The most famous element is the Vegano mask from the city of La Vega: enormous, elaborate papier-mâché masks covered in vivid colours, wild spikes and fantastical creatures.

Tell me more

Vegano masks (called 'diablos cojuelos' — 'limping devils') are considered some of the most spectacular carnival masks in the whole world. They are made entirely by hand from papier-mâché and can take weeks or even months to create. Each mask is unique, decorated with dragons, fangs, mirrors, spikes and swirling patterns in dozens of colours.

Making a Vegano mask is a skilled craft passed down through families. The artist starts with a wire frame, layers newspaper strips soaked in flour paste, and then sculpts and paints the final details by hand. A finished mask can weigh several kilograms.

During the Carnaval parade, performers wearing the masks dance through the streets and playfully tap spectators on the legs with an inflated bladder called a vejiga. Being tapped is considered good luck, so spectators play along with shrieks and laughter.

La Vega's Carnaval parade takes place every Sunday in February and draws huge crowds. Merengue and bachata blast from speakers, street food fills the air with delicious smells, and the whole city becomes one giant, joyful celebration.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Making a mask that takes months to build — what does that tell you about how important it is to the person making it?
  2. 02Festivals like Carnaval are repeated every year. Why might repeating a celebration make it feel more special, not less?
  3. 03If you were going to design a mask that represented you and your personality, what colours and shapes would you use?
Try this

Classroom activity

Make a mini Vegano mask from card. Draw an oval face shape, cut holes for eyes, then add: at least three different 'spike' shapes cut from coloured paper, two pattern zones drawn with felt tip, and one creature detail (a dragon, a bird, a swirl). Compare everyone's designs — notice how each is unique.