Classroom lesson ยท Congo River ยท ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฉ DR Congo

Congo River

The world's deepest river and the greatest river in Africa by water volume

The wide Congo River flowing through dense green rainforest

Photo ยท Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Congo River is the second longest river in Africa and the deepest river anywhere in the world. More fresh water flows through the Congo than through any other river on Earth except the Amazon. It winds for about 4,700 kilometres through the heart of Central Africa โ€” long enough to stretch from London to New York City!

Tell me more

In some places the Congo River is more than 220 metres deep. That is deep enough to swallow a 60-storey skyscraper! Scientists measure the water rushing out at the river's mouth and find it pours into the Atlantic Ocean at an almost unbelievable speed โ€” so powerfully that the fresh water pushes the salty ocean water back far out to sea.

The river forms a giant loop through the DRC, almost like a question mark on the map. Hundreds of smaller rivers flow into it like roads joining a motorway. Many communities along its banks use canoes and wooden boats called pirogues to travel, trade and fish.

Beneath the surface live more than 700 species of fish, including some that glow in the dark and others found nowhere else on Earth. The deep, dark sections of the river are so isolated that fish on one bank have evolved to look different from fish on the other bank โ€” the same species, but split into two separate groups by all that deep, fast water.

The Congo River is also one of the world's great power sources. The Inga Falls on the lower river are a stretch of wild rapids with more energy potential than almost any other site on the planet. Engineers dream of one day using that rushing water to bring electricity to millions of homes across Africa.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01The Congo River is deeper than any other river on Earth. What do you think it would feel like to float on it in a small boat?
  2. 02Fish on different banks of the river have evolved differently because they cannot cross. What does that tell us about how animals change over time?
  3. 03Communities use the river for travel, trade and food. How do people in your country travel and trade differently?
Try this

Classroom activity

Using a long strip of paper (or tape together three A4 sheets end-to-end), draw the Congo River to scale. Mark where it starts, where it ends at the Atlantic Ocean, and mark three things along the way: a fish, a pirogue boat and Inga Falls. Compare the length to another river your class knows.