Classroom lesson · Széchenyi Thermal Baths · 🇭🇺 Hungary

Széchenyi Thermal Baths

Playing chess in a warm outdoor pool — in the middle of winter!

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Deep under Hungary the ground is unusually warm, and hot water bubbles up naturally through the earth. Hungarians have been bathing in this warm spring water for hundreds of years. The Széchenyi Baths in Budapest are the largest thermal bath complex in Europe — a beautiful yellow palace with enormous outdoor pools that stay warm and steamy even when it is snowing outside.

Tell me more

Hungary sits above a lot of volcanic rock, and rainwater that trickles down into it gets heated by the hot rock deep underground. It then rises back up through cracks in the earth as warm spring water. Scientists call this geothermal energy — heat that comes straight from the ground.

Széchenyi Baths opened in 1913 and looks like a grand palace rather than a swimming pool. It has 18 pools of different sizes and temperatures. Some are for swimming laps; others are shallow and warm, almost like a giant outdoor bathtub. In winter the steam from the hot water floats up into the cold air in big white clouds.

One of the most famous sights at Széchenyi is elderly men sitting in the warm outdoor pool playing chess on floating boards, even in cold weather. The chessboards float on little platforms between the players. It has become a symbol of how relaxed and playful Hungarian bath culture is.

Budapest has more than 100 thermal springs and 80 public baths. The city is sometimes called the 'City of Spas'. For Hungarians, going to a bath is not just about getting clean — it is a place to relax, meet friends and feel good.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01The heat in Hungary's baths comes from underground. Where does your home get its heat from?
  2. 02Why might meeting friends at a warm pool be especially lovely in winter?
  3. 03Chess is a strategy game. What games do you think could be played in a swimming pool?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw a cross-section of the ground under Budapest, showing rain falling on the surface, trickling down through rock, getting heated by hot rock deep below, then rising as warm spring water. Label each stage with a short sentence explaining what is happening.