Classroom lesson · Food · 🇭🇺 Hungary

Tokaj Wine Region

Golden hillside vineyards where grapes grow in volcanic soil

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

In the north-east of Hungary, where two rivers meet, there is a region of gentle hills covered in row upon row of grapevines. This is Tokaj — one of the most famous grape-growing areas in the world. The hillsides are made of volcanic rock and ash, giving the soil special minerals that the vines love. The whole landscape is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Tell me more

The Tokaj hills were made by ancient volcanoes millions of years ago. The soil is full of minerals from old lava and ash. Plants that grow in this special soil absorb the minerals through their roots, which gives the grapes grown here a unique flavour you cannot find anywhere else.

There are about 5,500 hectares of vineyards in the Tokaj region — that is more than 7,000 football pitches covered in vines. In late summer and autumn the whole landscape turns golden and green as the grapes ripen in the warm sunshine that bounces off the rivers below.

Grape-picking in Tokaj is still done largely by hand because the hillsides are steep. Families and workers walk between the rows with baskets, choosing only the ripest bunches. After picking, the grapes are pressed and the juice is collected — this is how grape growing has worked here for more than a thousand years.

The region is famous for a special tiny grape called Furmint. It has thick skin and grows in tight clusters. When the autumn mist from the rivers rolls up the hillsides in the mornings, something remarkable happens to the Furmint grapes — a special furry mould called 'noble rot' forms on the skin, concentrating all the sugary sweetness inside the grape. Farmers actually want this to happen!

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01The soil in Tokaj was made by ancient volcanoes. Can you think of other ways volcanoes have shaped the landscape?
  2. 02Why might grape-picking by hand (rather than by machine) be important to the people who do it?
  3. 03The morning mist helps the grapes in a surprising way. Can you think of other examples where weather does something unexpected and useful?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw a hillside vineyard cross-section from side-on. Show: the volcanic rock layers underground, the soil on top, the roots of a vine going down into the soil, the trunk and branches above ground, and a bunch of ripe grapes. Label each layer and write one sentence about what each part does.