Classroom lesson ยท Wildlife ยท ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ฎ Kiribati

Frigatebird

A sky pirate with a bright red balloon on its chest

Photo ยท Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The frigatebird is a large seabird with a forked tail, long hooked wings, and โ€” in males โ€” a bright red throat pouch that puffs up like a balloon to impress females. With a wingspan of up to 2.3 metres, it is one of the biggest seabirds in the Pacific, and it spends most of its life soaring on warm air currents high above the ocean.

Tell me more

Frigatebirds are famous for a clever โ€” if cheeky โ€” trick: they often steal fish right out of the beaks of other birds in mid-air! This earned them the nickname 'man-o'-war birds'. They swoop and harass other seabirds until the unlucky bird drops its catch, then the frigatebird dives and catches the fish before it hits the water. It is like a sky robbery in slow motion.

Male frigatebirds have a brilliant scarlet-red throat pouch called a gular sac. During mating season, they sit in trees and puff it up like a big round balloon, then rattle their bills and call loudly to attract females flying overhead. A group of males all inflating their pouches together is one of the most astonishing sights in nature.

Kiribati is one of the best places in the world to see frigatebirds, especially on Kiritimati. They nest in trees and shrubs just above the shore in huge colonies, and their nests โ€” messy platforms of sticks โ€” are everywhere. Locals have long admired the frigatebird's incredible flying ability, and it appears in traditional stories and artwork.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01The frigatebird steals food from other birds. Do you think this is clever or unfair โ€” or both? What might the other bird think?
  2. 02How does puffing up a bright red balloon help a male frigatebird find a mate? Can you think of other animals that use colour or display to attract attention?
  3. 03Frigatebirds cannot land on water because their feathers would get soaked. How does this shape where they build nests and how they find food?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw a male frigatebird with its red throat pouch fully inflated, sitting in a tree. Next to it, draw a smaller seabird dropping a fish it has just caught. Add a mid-air arrow showing the frigatebird about to swoop for the fish. Write a caption from the point of view of the smaller bird โ€” how does it feel?