Classroom lesson · Food · 🇱🇸 Lesotho

Papa & Moroho

Lesotho's comforting staple — maize porridge with wild greens

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Papa is a smooth, thick porridge made from ground maize (corn), and it is the staple food of Lesotho — eaten at almost every meal. It is usually served alongside moroho, which are wild or cultivated greens cooked with a little salt and sometimes onion. Together, papa and moroho make a simple, filling and nutritious meal that Basotho families have enjoyed for generations.

Tell me more

Making papa requires patience and stirring. Ground maize flour is slowly mixed into boiling water and stirred constantly until it thickens to a smooth, stiff porridge. The texture is somewhere between thick mashed potato and polenta. It has a gentle, mild flavour that goes perfectly with the earthier, slightly bitter taste of the cooked greens beside it.

Moroho can be many different types of greens — spinach, wild mustard, morogo (a type of local leafy green), or even tsweesa, a wild spinach that grows in the mountains. Women often gather moroho from fields and roadsides in the morning. Cooking it gently with a little fat brings out a rich flavour. Together with papa, it provides carbohydrates from the maize and vitamins from the greens.

In Lesotho, meals are often shared from one large bowl or pot, with everyone eating together. This makes mealtimes a social event — a moment to talk, laugh and connect. Papa is eaten with the hands: you roll a small piece into a ball, press a dent in it with your thumb, and use it to scoop up the greens. It takes a little practice but feels very natural once you get the hang of it.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Papa is eaten at nearly every meal in Lesotho. What food in your country appears most often at mealtimes?
  2. 02Eating from a shared bowl means everyone eats together. Does sharing food in your family feel different from eating separately?
  3. 03Moroho is sometimes gathered wild from nature. Can you think of any wild plants people in your country eat?
Try this

Classroom activity

Create a class 'food map of the world' — a large world map on the wall. Each child (or small group) researches a staple food from a different country and draws/writes it on the map. Connect papa and moroho to Lesotho, and find three other countries whose staple food is also a porridge or grain.