Classroom lesson · Lake Malawi · 🇲🇼 Malawi

Lake Malawi

One of the world's biggest lakes — packed with rainbow-coloured fish

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Lake Malawi is a huge, sparkling freshwater lake that stretches almost the whole length of Malawi. It is so large that you cannot see the other side — it looks more like an ocean than a lake! The lake is home to more species of colourful fish than any other freshwater lake on Earth.

Tell me more

Lake Malawi is nearly 600 kilometres long and up to 75 kilometres wide. If you drove along it at motorway speed it would take about six hours just to go from one end to the other! It sits in a great crack in the Earth called the East African Rift, which formed millions of years ago as tectonic plates slowly pulled apart.

The most famous thing about the lake is its fish. More than 1,000 species of bright cichlid fish live only here and nowhere else on Earth. They come in dazzling blues, reds, yellows and oranges — so vivid that many cichlids end up in fish tanks in bedrooms and classrooms around the world. Scientists are still discovering new species.

People living along the shore have fished the lake for thousands of years. Wooden dugout canoes and hand-woven nets are still used today, and families gather in the evenings to cook fresh fish over open fires on the beach. A much-loved fish called chambo is caught here and is one of Malawi's national foods.

The lake is also a giant playground. Children swim in the shallow, warm bays, and visitors come from all over the world to snorkel and watch the cichlids darting about in the clear water. Every year the Lake of Stars music festival takes place right on its shores, with bands playing as the sun sets over the water.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why do you think so many different fish species evolved in just one lake?
  2. 02How might living next to a giant lake change what food your family eats and how you spend your free time?
  3. 03The cichlids in Lake Malawi are often kept in home aquariums worldwide. How does that connect Malawi to children in other countries?
  4. 04What would it feel like to look out at the lake and not be able to see the other side?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw and colour your own cichlid fish using the brightest colours you can find. Give it a made-up name that describes its colours (e.g. 'Golden-blaze Stripe-tail'). Compare your fish with a classmate's — how are they different?