Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇲🇪 Montenegro

Golden Eagle

One of Europe's most powerful birds soars over Montenegro's peaks

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The golden eagle is one of the most impressive birds in Montenegro — a large, powerful raptor with brown feathers that glow gold on the back of its head and neck in sunlight. It soars on huge wings above the mountain peaks of Durmitor and Lovćen, using its extraordinary eyesight to spot small animals far below. Golden eagles have been admired by humans for thousands of years and appear on many national symbols.

Tell me more

A golden eagle's wingspan can reach over two metres — wider than a family car is long. Despite this huge size the eagle weighs only about four to six kilograms, because its bones are hollow, making it light enough to fly. It can soar for hours without flapping by riding thermals — columns of warm air that rise up the mountain slopes — and its sharp eyes can spot a hare from up to two kilometres away.

Golden eagles build their nests, called eyries, on rocky ledges high on cliff faces where nothing can reach them. The same pair of eagles may use the same eyrie for decades, adding new sticks each year until the nest becomes enormous. Eagle chicks grow quickly — in about ten weeks they go from tiny fluffy hatchlings to birds nearly as big as their parents.

In Montenegro the golden eagle is a symbol of wild, unspoiled mountains. It sits at the very top of the food chain in the high mountain ecosystem — meaning nothing hunts it. Its presence in a mountain area is a sign that the whole ecosystem is healthy, because eagles need plenty of prey and clean, undisturbed habitat to thrive.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01An eagle's bones are hollow to save weight for flying. Can you think of other structures that are hollow on the inside but still strong?
  2. 02Golden eagles can see prey two kilometres away. How far away is two kilometres from where you are sitting? Look on a map and find a landmark that distance away.
  3. 03Scientists say if golden eagles are thriving, the whole mountain ecosystem is healthy. Why might one animal be a sign of health for an entire habitat?
Try this

Classroom activity

Make a wingspan comparison chart. Mark two metres on the floor with tape — that is a golden eagle's wingspan. Then measure the arm spans of five classmates and mark them next to it. Whose arm span is closest to the eagle's wings? Record results on a bar chart.