Classroom lesson ยท Music ยท ๐Ÿ‡จ๐Ÿ‡ฌ Republic of the Congo

Soukous Music

Joyful electric guitar music born in Brazzaville and Kinshasa

Photo ยท Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Soukous is a joyful, energetic style of music that was born in Brazzaville and Kinshasa in the 1960s. It grew from traditional Congolese rhythms mixed with Cuban rumba music that arrived in Central Africa by way of radio waves. Today soukous is played and danced to across Africa and beyond โ€” it is one of the continent's most successful musical exports.

Tell me more

The heart of soukous is the electric guitar. Soukous guitarists are famous around the world for their incredibly fast, fluid playing style โ€” their fingers seem to move like water over the strings. There are usually two or three guitars playing at once, weaving together melodies that make it almost impossible to sit still.

Soukous songs often have two distinct sections. The first part has singing and a steady groove. Then comes the 'sebene' โ€” an instrumental section where the guitars go wild and the dancers start to move faster and faster. The sebene is what dancers live for, showing off quick, spinning footwork and energetic hip movements called ndombolo.

Big soukous bands can have over twenty members โ€” singers, guitarists, bass players, drummers and a line of dancers. Famous musicians from the Republic of the Congo and the DRC, such as Franco and Papa Wemba, became stars across Africa and in Europe. Their music showed the world how rich and exciting Central African music could be.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Soukous mixed Congolese and Cuban music. How do you think music from Cuba reached Central Africa in the 1960s?
  2. 02The sebene section makes it almost impossible to sit still. Have you ever heard music that made your body want to move? What was it?
  3. 03Music from Brazzaville spread to the whole world. Can you think of music from your country that people in other countries enjoy?
Try this

Classroom activity

Listen to a short clip of soukous music (ask your teacher to find one). Then, as a class, clap along to the beat and identify when the sebene section starts. Afterwards, each student writes three words to describe how the music made them feel and one sentence about what they noticed about the guitar playing.