Classroom lesson · Mount Elbrus · 🇷🇺 Russia

Mount Elbrus

The highest peak in Europe

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Mount Elbrus is a giant volcano in the Caucasus Mountains of southern Russia, and it is the highest mountain in Europe, standing 5,642 metres tall. It has two peaks right next to each other, both covered in thick snow and ice all year round. From far away, the twin peaks look like a giant saddle draped over the mountain top.

Tell me more

Elbrus is a dormant volcano, which means it is not currently erupting but it has erupted in the past - the last time was about 2,000 years ago. The mountain is covered by 22 glaciers, which are slow-moving rivers of ice that creep down its slopes over hundreds of years. The glaciers feed rivers that flow down to villages and farms in the valleys below.

The Caucasus Mountains where Elbrus sits are full of wildlife. Snow leopards, mountain goats called tur, and eagles all make their homes on the rocky slopes. The lower meadows burst into colour in summer, filled with wildflowers. Many climbers travel to Elbrus every year hoping to reach the summit; there is even a cable car that helps people get partway up the mountain.

Local people living near Elbrus are called Balkars and Karachais, and they have lived in these mountains for many centuries. They have their own language, music and traditions. The mountain is very important to them, and it features in their folk stories and songs as a powerful, ancient giant watching over their homeland.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Elbrus is a dormant volcano - not extinct, just sleeping. How is that different from an active volcano?
  2. 02Why might glaciers on a mountain be important for villages far down below in the valleys?
  3. 03Local people have stories and songs about Elbrus. Can you think of a landscape near you that people tell stories about?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw and label a cross-section of Mount Elbrus from base to peak. Include: valley, wildflower meadow, snowline, glacier, cable car station, and the twin peaks. Compare the height (5,642 m) to something familiar - how many of your school building stacked up would match?