Classroom lesson · Music · 🇱🇨 Saint Lucia

Soca

The energetic dance music of the Caribbean that makes everyone want to move

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Soca is a lively, high-energy music genre that was born in the Caribbean and has become the sound of carnival and celebration across the region, including in Saint Lucia. Its name is short for 'Soul of Calypso' and it blends calypso rhythms with elements of soul, funk and electronic beats. When soca comes on, it is almost impossible to stand still.

Tell me more

Soca grew out of calypso — the traditional music of the Caribbean, known for its witty, storytelling lyrics and upbeat rhythms. In the 1970s, musicians began mixing calypso with faster beats and more electronic sounds to create soca. The result was music designed for dancing, with a strong, pounding bass beat that you feel in your chest as much as hear with your ears.

Soca has many sub-styles. Power soca has big, thumping beats. Groovy soca is slightly slower and more melodic. Chutney soca mixes Caribbean rhythms with music from South Asian traditions. In Saint Lucia, soca is especially central to carnival season, when the streets fill with dancers in spectacular costumes moving to the pounding music from huge speakers on trucks.

Learning to dance to soca is all about responding to the beat — moving your hips, waving your arms and bouncing with the rhythm. There are often competitions at carnival for the best soca track of the year, and winning that competition is a huge honour for a Caribbean musician. The winning song becomes the anthem of the whole carnival season.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Soca evolved from calypso by adding new instruments and rhythms. How do music styles grow and change over time? Can you think of a modern music style that grew out of an older one?
  2. 02Soca is described as music you cannot stand still to. What music makes you want to move, and why do you think music can have that effect on our bodies?
  3. 03The soca monarch competition is a big deal in the Caribbean. What competitions around music, art or performance exist in your school or community?
Try this

Classroom activity

Listen to a short clip of soca music (teacher-selected). Clap along to the beat and count how many beats per bar. Then compare it to a clip of traditional calypso — what sounds the same and what sounds different? Draw a Venn diagram showing the features shared by calypso and soca, and the features unique to each.