Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇻🇨 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Hawksbill Turtle

An ancient sea traveller with a beautiful patterned shell

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Hawksbill turtles are one of the ocean's most beautiful creatures, named for their narrow, pointed beak that looks a little like a hawk's bill. They glide through the warm Caribbean waters around Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, feeding on sponges, sea grass and jellyfish. These turtles have been living in the world's oceans for over 100 million years — they were swimming around when dinosaurs still walked the Earth.

Tell me more

A hawksbill turtle's shell is called a carapace, and it is covered in overlapping plates that create a gorgeous amber and brown pattern. Adults can grow up to about one metre long and weigh as much as 80 kilograms — roughly the same as an adult human. Despite their size, they are graceful and almost silent in the water, steering with their large front flippers.

Hawksbills are one of the few animals that eat sea sponges, which most other creatures cannot digest. By eating sponges, they help keep coral reefs healthy — without turtles to control them, sponges can grow over corals and block out the sunlight corals need to survive. This means a healthy turtle population actually helps the whole reef ecosystem.

Every few years, female hawksbills return to the very beach where they were born to lay their eggs. At night, a female drags herself up the sand, digs a deep nest with her back flippers, lays around 130 soft eggs, covers them up and returns to the sea. About two months later, tiny hatchlings dig their way out and race towards the water.

In Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, conservation volunteers watch over nesting beaches, count eggs and make sure hatchlings reach the sea safely. The Tobago Cays Marine Park is one of the best places in the entire Caribbean to snorkel alongside these calm, curious creatures in their natural habitat.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Hawksbill turtles help keep coral reefs healthy by eating sponges. Can you think of another animal that helps keep an ecosystem balanced?
  2. 02These turtles travel thousands of kilometres but always return to the same beach to lay eggs. What do you think guides them back to exactly the right place?
  3. 03Conservation volunteers protect turtle nests at night. Would you like that kind of job? Why or why not?
Try this

Classroom activity

Create a 'Life of a Hawksbill Turtle' timeline showing the key stages: hatching, racing to the sea, growing up in the ocean, feeding on sponges, and returning to the beach to lay eggs. Draw a small picture for each stage and write one sentence underneath. Arrange your stages in a circle to show the cycle repeating.