Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇸🇲 San Marino

Hedgehog

A spiny, nocturnal mammal that loves gardens and woodland edges

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The hedgehog is one of Europe's most beloved wild animals. It is covered in thousands of hollow, stiffened hairs called spines — up to 6,000 of them on a single animal! When it feels threatened, a hedgehog rolls itself into a tight ball, turning its spines outwards to protect its soft belly.

Tell me more

Hedgehogs are insectivores, which means their favourite foods are insects, slugs, earthworms, and beetles. They snuffle along the ground at night using their sensitive noses to find their next meal. They have very poor eyesight but an excellent sense of smell, and they make charming little snuffling and grunting noises as they search.

In autumn, hedgehogs prepare for hibernation — a long, deep sleep through the coldest months. They build a cosy nest of dry leaves and grass, usually hidden under a pile of logs or garden rubbish, and then sleep there until spring. During hibernation, their body temperature drops and their heartbeat slows right down to save energy.

Hedgehogs are very helpful in gardens because they eat large numbers of slugs and snails that would otherwise damage plants. Many people put out dishes of water and hedgehog-friendly food to encourage them to visit. You can help hedgehogs even more by leaving a small gap at the bottom of garden fences so they can wander from garden to garden safely.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01A hedgehog rolls into a ball to protect itself. Can you think of any other animals that use a similar strategy?
  2. 02Hedgehogs hibernate to survive winter. What other strategies do animals use to cope with cold seasons?
  3. 03How could you make your school garden more welcoming for hedgehogs and other wildlife?
Try this

Classroom activity

Hibernation diary: imagine you are a hedgehog. Write three diary entries — one in autumn when you are getting ready to hibernate, one in mid-winter during hibernation (what does your hedgehog dream about?), and one in spring when you wake up. Make each entry at least three sentences long.