Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇸🇲 San Marino

Peregrine Falcon

The fastest animal on Earth — a cliff-dwelling hunter

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The peregrine falcon is the fastest animal on Earth. When it dives to catch another bird in mid-air, it can reach speeds of over 320 kilometres per hour — faster than a racing car! Peregrine falcons love rocky cliffs and tall structures, which makes the cliffs of Mount Titano a perfect home for them.

Tell me more

Peregrine falcons are not huge birds — they are roughly the size of a large crow — but they are built for incredible speed. Their wings are long and pointed like swept-back jet fighter wings, and their chests are powerful muscles packed in tight. Even their nostrils are specially shaped to help them breathe while diving at full speed.

A peregrine hunts mainly other birds. It climbs high into the sky, spots a pigeon or starling below, and then folds its wings and drops in a breath-taking stoop. The impact of the strike is what does the job. The whole process can take just a few seconds.

For a while in the 20th century, peregrine falcons became very rare across Europe because of pollution. Thanks to careful conservation work — people working hard to protect them — their numbers have recovered wonderfully. Today peregrines can even be found nesting on city skyscrapers, which look just like cliff faces to a falcon.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01The peregrine is the fastest animal alive. Can you think of ways that speed might be useful to an animal beyond just hunting?
  2. 02Peregrine falcons almost disappeared because of pollution. What can people do to help protect animals that are in trouble?
  3. 03Peregrines now live on skyscrapers. What other wild animals have adapted to living in cities?
Try this

Classroom activity

Speed comparison chart: create a bar chart showing the top speeds of five animals (for example: peregrine falcon 320 km/h, cheetah 120 km/h, sailfish 110 km/h, horse 70 km/h, human 45 km/h). Which is fastest? How much faster is the falcon than the next fastest?