Classroom lesson Β· Festival Β· πŸ‡ΈπŸ‡± Sierra Leone

Bondu Masquerade

A colourful festival tradition of the Mende and Temne peoples

Photo Β· Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Bondu masquerade is a colourful, spectacular festival tradition found among the Mende and Temne peoples of Sierra Leone. A magnificently costumed figure β€” known as the Bundu (or Sande) masquerade β€” dances at community celebrations, wearing a beautifully carved black helmet mask and layers of glossy black raffia fabric, performing to the rhythm of singing and clapping.

Tell me more

The Bondu masquerade figure is celebrated for its spectacular appearance. The carved black helmet masks are recognised as some of the finest sculptural art in all of West Africa, and examples are held in museums and art collections around the world. The masks typically feature a smooth, glistening black surface, an elaborate hairstyle and a ringed neck β€” each detail carrying meaning within the tradition.

Performances take place at community festivals, celebrations and gatherings. The masquerade figure dances energetically to the sound of songs sung by groups of women, and the crowd responds with joy and excitement. Children are particularly thrilled by the appearance of the figure, and the performance creates a sense of shared festivity and community pride.

The Bondu masquerade tradition has been celebrated for generations across Sierra Leone. It is unique in West Africa because the masquerade figure is associated with women's cultural leadership and celebration β€” making it distinctive among African masquerade traditions. Today, the tradition is celebrated as an important part of Sierra Leone's cultural identity.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01The Bondu masks are considered great works of art and are in museums around the world. What makes an object from everyday culture become recognised as great art?
  2. 02Community celebrations like the Bondu masquerade bring people together. Why do you think human beings across all cultures create festivals and celebrations?
  3. 03The masquerade is distinctive because it is associated with women's cultural leadership. Why might different genders have different roles in community traditions?
Try this

Classroom activity

Research a masquerade or festival figure from another part of the world β€” for example, the Venetian Carnival mask, the Japanese Noh mask, or the Mexican DΓ­a de los Muertos face paint. Compare it to the Bondu masquerade: what materials are used, what occasion it appears at, and what the figure represents. Present your findings in a two-column comparison sheet.