Classroom lesson · Tiwai Island · 🇸🇱 Sierra Leone

Tiwai Island

A jungle island home to chimpanzees and pygmy hippos

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Tiwai Island is a small island in the middle of the Moa River in southern Sierra Leone. It is almost completely covered in thick tropical rainforest, and it is one of the best places in the whole of West Africa to spot wild chimpanzees, pygmy hippopotamuses and Diana monkeys.

Tell me more

The island is only about 12 square kilometres — you could walk all the way around it in a few hours. But that small patch of jungle is packed with animals. Scientists have counted more than 135 different kinds of birds here, as well as eleven different species of primate, which is an extraordinary number for one tiny island.

Tiwai has been a protected wildlife sanctuary since 1987. Local communities help look after it, which means the animals trust the island as a safe place to live. Chimpanzees have been studied here for decades, and researchers have learnt a great deal about how chimps use tools, talk to each other, and raise their babies.

The river that wraps around Tiwai is part of its magic. Visitors arrive by dugout canoe, gliding quietly through water that reflects the treetops above. African manatees sometimes surface in the river, and fish eagles soar overhead looking for their next meal.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Tiwai Island is surrounded entirely by water. How might that help protect the animals living there?
  2. 02Local people help look after the sanctuary. Why is it important that communities are involved in protecting wildlife?
  3. 03If you arrived at Tiwai by canoe, what sounds do you think you would hear before you even stepped ashore?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw a top-down map of Tiwai Island as if you were a bird looking down. Add the river all around it, draw at least five animals you might find there, and label them. Compare maps with a partner — whose island has the most wildlife?