Classroom lesson · Festival · 🇸🇱 Sierra Leone

Bubu Mask Dancing

Sierra Leone's spectacular masked dance tradition

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Bubu mask dancing is a vibrant tradition in Sierra Leone in which performers wear elaborate, colourfully decorated masks and costumes and dance at community celebrations and festivals. The masks are crafted by skilled artists and each one tells a story, representing a character or spirit that is part of Sierra Leone's rich cultural heritage.

Tell me more

Bubu dancers perform at a wide range of celebrations — from the end of a harvest to the marking of important community milestones. The costumes are truly spectacular: layers of colourful fabric, raffia grass, bright paints and carefully carved or moulded masks transform the dancer into something between a person and a character from story and tradition. The sound of drumming and singing accompanies every performance.

Mask-making is a skilled craft that takes many years to learn properly. Artists choose materials carefully, shape the masks by hand and paint them in vivid patterns. Each mask has specific colours and features that identify the character it represents. In communities where Bubu dancing is practised, the masks are treated with great respect and the traditions surrounding them are carefully maintained.

For children watching a Bubu performance, it is one of the most exciting and colourful experiences imaginable. The dancers move to the rhythm of the drums in ways that seem almost impossible, spinning, jumping and swaying in their heavy costumes. Bubu dancing reminds Sierra Leonean communities of their shared history, their creativity and the stories that connect the generations.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why do you think masks and costumes are used in celebrations in so many different cultures around the world?
  2. 02Bubu dancing connects people to their history and stories. How does your community keep its traditions and stories alive?
  3. 03Mask-making takes years to learn. What skill have you worked hard to learn, and who helped you?
  4. 04If you were designing a mask for a festival in your school, what character would it represent and what colours would you use?
Try this

Classroom activity

Design your own festival mask on A3 card. Choose a character or story your mask will represent. Decide on colours, patterns and shapes that reflect the character's personality. If possible, make the mask 3D using cardboard, paint and paper. Write a short description of your mask character to share with the class.