Classroom lesson ยท Gangkhar Puensum ยท ๐Ÿ‡ง๐Ÿ‡น Bhutan

Gangkhar Puensum

The highest unclimbed mountain in the world

Snow-covered Gangkhar Puensum mountain peak rising above clouds in Bhutan

Photo ยท Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Gangkhar Puensum is the highest mountain in Bhutan and the tallest mountain in the whole world that no human being has ever climbed to the top of. It rises 7,570 metres above sea level โ€” nearly twice as tall as the tallest mountain in the Alps. Bhutan has chosen to keep its highest peaks off-limits to climbers, which means Gangkhar Puensum remains a wild, untouched giant.

Tell me more

Most of the world's very high mountains โ€” including Everest โ€” have been climbed many times by teams of people from all over the globe. Gangkhar Puensum is different. Bhutan decided that mountains above 6,000 metres should stay unclimbed, partly to protect the wild environment and partly to respect traditions that see high peaks as special places. That makes Gangkhar Puensum unique: a truly unconquered summit.

The mountain sits in an extremely remote part of Bhutan near the border with China. The area around it is almost entirely wilderness โ€” glaciers, frozen lakes, rocky ridges and meadows of alpine flowers that bloom in summer. Snow leopards and Himalayan wolves have been spotted in the foothills. Almost no one lives nearby, so the mountain is genuinely wild.

Gangkhar Puensum's name means something like 'white peak of the three spiritual brothers' in Dzongkha. The three separate summits of the mountain โ€” all thickly covered in snow and ice โ€” do look like three figures standing together against the blue sky. Because no person has ever stood on its highest point, Gangkhar Puensum is something rare in today's world: a place that still holds a mystery.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Most high mountains have been climbed many times. Do you think it is a good idea for some mountains to stay unclimbed? Why or why not?
  2. 02Bhutan protects its highest peaks as wild places. What wild places near you are protected, and why?
  3. 03If you could explore an area near Gangkhar Puensum without climbing it, what would you most want to see or find?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw a cross-section of Gangkhar Puensum from the base to the three peaks. Label the different zones: the valley with flowers, the forest, the rocky slopes, the snow line, and the glaciers at the top. Add an animal that might live in each zone.