Classroom lesson · Black Sea Coast & Nesebar · 🇧🇬 Bulgaria

Black Sea Coast & Nesebar

Ancient seaside towns and golden sandy beaches

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Bulgaria has a long coastline along the Black Sea, with golden sandy beaches, warm summer water and charming old towns. The most famous of these towns is Nesebar — a tiny ancient city built on a rocky peninsula that sticks out into the sea. Nesebar has been settled for more than 3,000 years and is now a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Tell me more

Nesebar is so old that its first settlers arrived before ancient Rome was even founded. Over the centuries, Greeks, Romans and Byzantines all built here, and they all left something behind. The peninsula is so small that you can walk from one end to the other in about ten minutes, but those ten minutes take you past dozens of old stone churches, some of them in beautiful ruins open to the sky.

The Black Sea is a fascinating body of water. It is less salty than the ocean because big rivers like the Danube pour fresh water into it. In summer its surface water is warm and calm enough for swimming, and the sandy beaches along the Bulgarian coast stretch for kilometres.

Along the coast you will find pelicans, cormorants and herons fishing in the shallows and lagoons. The Poda Lagoon near Burgas is a protected wetland where hundreds of bird species stop to rest during their long migrations between Africa and northern Europe. It is one of the best birdwatching places in the whole of Bulgaria.

Bulgarian seaside towns come alive every summer with outdoor markets, boat trips and evening music on the seafront. Locals eat fresh grilled fish, watermelon and salty white feta-style cheese in the warm evening air. Children collect smooth sea-glass and colourful pebbles washed up on the shore.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Nesebar has been settled for 3,000 years. What clues do you think you might find on the ground if you dug down in an ancient town?
  2. 02The Black Sea has big rivers flowing into it, which makes it less salty. Can you think of other ways fresh water and salt water might mix on Earth?
  3. 03Migratory birds travel thousands of kilometres and stop at the same places every year. How do you think they know where to go?
  4. 04If you found a piece of sea-glass on the beach, where do you think it came from originally?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw a map of the Nesebar peninsula as seen from above: it should be a small oval shape connected to the coast by a thin strip of land. Mark three things on it — an ancient church, the old town gate, and the sea around it. Add a compass rose. Then write two sentences explaining why settlers might have chosen a peninsula, rather than the open coast, as the place to build.