Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇨🇫 Central African Republic

Bongo Antelope

The largest and most colourful forest antelope in Africa

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The bongo is the largest antelope that lives in the forest - not out on open grasslands like most antelopes, but hidden in the deep, shady rainforest. Its coat is a striking chestnut-orange colour with bold white vertical stripes running down its sides, almost like a natural camouflage pattern made of shadows and light filtering through the trees.

Tell me more

Both male and female bongos have long, spiralling horns that twist elegantly upward. This is unusual - in most antelope species only the males have horns. The bongo's horns can grow up to nearly a metre long. When a bongo moves through thick undergrowth, it tilts its head back so the horns lie flat along its neck, letting it slip through gaps between branches without getting caught.

Bongos are shy and cautious animals. They are most active at dawn and dusk - the gentle hours between dark and full daylight. During the hottest part of the day they rest in the shade of the forest, keeping very still and quiet. Their striped coats make them extremely hard to see among the dappled shadows of the forest floor.

Bongos eat leaves, bark, grasses, roots and fruit. Like forest elephants, they sometimes visit mineral-rich clearings to eat clay and salty earth. They are excellent swimmers and will cross rivers without hesitation, their large hooves helping them balance on slippery riverbanks.

In the Central African Republic, bongos live in the rainforests of the southwest, including in and around Dzanga-Sangha. They are rarely seen but rangers and BaAka trackers know how to read the wide, cloven hoof prints they leave in soft mud near streams.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01The bongo's stripes help it hide among forest shadows. Can you think of other animals that use patterns to stay hidden?
  2. 02Bongos tilt their heads back to get their horns through the forest. What body adaptations help other animals move through their habitat?
  3. 03Bongos are very shy. Why might being cautious and quiet be a useful survival strategy for a forest animal?
Try this

Classroom activity

Camouflage art challenge: draw a bongo in the middle of a page. Then draw a dense forest scene around it - trees, shadows, dappled light, undergrowth. Try to make the bongo as hard to spot as possible by blending its stripes with the background. Swap pictures with a partner and see how long it takes them to find the bongo.