Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇬🇶 Equatorial Guinea

African Grey Parrot

One of the world's most intelligent birds

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The African grey parrot is found in the rainforests of Equatorial Guinea and is considered one of the most intelligent birds on the planet. It has soft grey feathers, a bright red tail, and eyes that seem to be always watching and thinking. African greys can learn hundreds of words and can even understand what some of those words mean.

Tell me more

African grey parrots live in the forest canopy, where they are expert at finding fruit, nuts, and seeds. They use their strong, hooked beaks to crack open tough shells and their clever feet to hold food while they eat — a bit like using hands. They are very social birds and usually live in large flocks, chattering and calling to each other constantly through the trees.

Scientists studying African grey parrots have been amazed by how clever they are. One famous parrot named Alex, studied by a scientist called Dr. Irene Pepperberg for over 30 years, could identify colours, shapes, and materials, count to six, and even tell the difference between 'same' and 'different'. He showed that birds can have thinking skills that we once thought only mammals possessed.

In the wild, African greys are important for spreading seeds through the forest. They carry fruit in their beaks, and seeds that fall from their mouths or pass through them sprout into new trees. They are also very long-lived: wild African greys can live 40 to 60 years, meaning one parrot can help plant trees for decades.

The forests of Bioko Island and Río Muni provide ideal habitat for African grey parrots, with tall trees for nesting and plenty of fruit. Conservation work in Equatorial Guinea aims to protect these forests to keep not just parrots but the whole community of creatures that depends on the same trees.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Scientists once thought only mammals could have complex thinking skills. Why might it be surprising that a bird can count and recognise colours?
  2. 02If you could teach an African grey parrot three things, what would you choose and why?
  3. 03African greys live in flocks and chatter constantly. Why might communication be so important for social animals?
  4. 04A parrot that lives 60 years can spread seeds for decades. Why does this make them especially important for the forest?
Try this

Classroom activity

Design an 'African Grey Parrot Intelligence Test' with three simple challenges. For each challenge, write: (1) what you are testing (e.g. colour recognition), (2) how you would set up the test, and (3) what result would tell you the parrot passed. Share and compare tests with a partner.