Classroom lesson · Umhlanga Reed Dance · 🇸🇿 Eswatini

Umhlanga Reed Dance

A colourful annual gathering where girls carry reeds and celebrate together

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Umhlanga Reed Dance is one of the most colourful and joyful events in Eswatini's calendar. Each year, tens of thousands of girls and young women gather together, cut tall reeds from riverbeds, and carry them in a vibrant procession. The event celebrates community, togetherness and Swazi heritage.

Tell me more

The word 'umhlanga' means 'reed' in siSwati. Reeds are tall, hollow grasses that grow along rivers and streams. Before the main ceremony, groups of girls walk to the nearest riverbeds and cut the reeds by hand — it is hard work, and the journey can be long. The reeds are then carried back and presented as a gift.

The day of the main procession is a spectacular sight. Participants wear colourful traditional clothing decorated with beads, and the beadwork patterns are often very detailed and beautiful. Groups from different parts of the country have their own distinctive colours and styles, so the procession is like a moving rainbow of outfits.

Music and dancing fill the air throughout the event. Girls and young women sing traditional songs and perform dances that have been passed down through generations. Watching tens of thousands of people moving and singing together creates an atmosphere of pure joy and pride.

The Reed Dance draws visitors from all over the world who come to see one of Africa's most vibrant cultural celebrations. For the participants, it is a time to meet friends from different areas, show pride in Swazi identity, and be part of something much bigger than themselves.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might gathering in a large group and celebrating together be important for a community?
  2. 02How do clothing and beadwork help express cultural identity at events like the Reed Dance?
  3. 03Can you think of a large gathering or festival in your own country or culture? What makes it special?
  4. 04Why might carrying reeds as a gift be a meaningful part of the ceremony?
Try this

Classroom activity

Design your own beaded belt or necklace pattern on paper. Choose a colour scheme and a repeating pattern. Write a short description of what your colours and shapes mean to you. Compare designs with a classmate and discuss the similarities and differences.