Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇪🇹 Ethiopia

The Walia ibex

A mountain goat with enormous curving horns - found only in the Simien Mountains

A male Walia ibex standing on a steep mountain ledge in the Simien Mountains

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Walia ibex is a kind of wild mountain goat. The males have enormous curving horns that can be over a metre long. They live in just one place: the steep cliffs of the Simien Mountains in northern Ethiopia, sometimes called 'the rooftop of Africa'.

Tell me more

Walia ibex are brilliant climbers. They can stand on tiny rock ledges no wider than a brick. Their hooves have a soft, grippy pad underneath that works like a climbing shoe. Mums teach their kids to climb almost from the day they are born.

The males' horns are the showy part. They can curve back over the head, sometimes reaching a metre or more. The males use them to bash heads in friendly contests with each other to show who is strongest - the sound of horns clashing echoes through the canyons.

Living on a cliff sounds dangerous, but for the Walia it is the safest place. Almost no predator can follow them up onto those ledges. They eat tough little plants that grow in cracks in the rock - food other animals can't reach.

Walia ibex used to be very rare - just a few hundred left in the 1960s. Thanks to Ethiopia's Simien Mountains National Park and a lot of careful conservation work, their numbers have slowly grown again. Visitors today often spot whole groups of them, including bouncy kids learning to climb.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might a mountain goat be safer on a high cliff than on a flat field?
  2. 02If a male ibex's horns are a metre long, how heavy do you think they'd feel? Why might it still be worth carrying them?
  3. 03Some animals have come back from the edge of disappearing forever. Why might that take a whole community working together?
Try this

Classroom activity

Find a steep slope or stairs in your school. As a class, do a short experiment: who can step up most quickly without using hands? Compare and discuss. Now imagine doing that on a tiny ledge made of rock, with no rails. That is daily life for a Walia ibex.