Classroom lesson · Food · 🇱🇷 Liberia

Palm Butter and Rice

Liberia's national dish — a rich red palm sauce over fluffy rice

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Palm butter and rice is considered Liberia's national dish. It is a thick, creamy sauce made from the fruit of the oil palm tree, which grows abundantly across Liberia. The sauce is rich, warming and slightly nutty, and is served poured over a mound of fluffy white rice alongside vegetables and meat or fish.

Tell me more

The oil palm tree is one of the most useful plants in West Africa. Its orange-red fruit contains a rich oil that has been used in cooking for thousands of years. To make palm butter, the fruit is boiled, pounded and strained until it becomes a smooth, velvety sauce the colour of a deep sunset. The process takes time and effort, and the smell while it cooks is wonderfully warm and nutty.

Palm butter sauce is loaded with different additions depending on the cook and what is available: pieces of chicken, smoked fish, dried shrimp, okra, spinach-like greens and a little chilli for heat. Every family has its own version, and Liberian grandmothers are said to make the very best. The sauce poured over perfectly cooked white rice makes one of the most satisfying meals imaginable.

The oil palm tree is so central to Liberian life that it appears on the country's coat of arms. Beyond cooking, palm oil is used in everything from soap to medicine. The palm tree's leaves are also woven into baskets, mats and roofing. In Liberia, almost no part of the oil palm goes to waste.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Liberia put the oil palm tree on its coat of arms. What plant or animal might represent your country and why?
  2. 02Why do you think different families might have different versions of the same national dish?
  3. 03Can you think of a dish from your own country that uses a very local ingredient that you cannot easily find elsewhere?
  4. 04What does it mean when a country calls something its 'national dish'? Who decides?
Try this

Classroom activity

Design your own country's coat of arms. Choose one plant, one animal and one landmark that represent your country. Draw them in a shield shape and write a short explanation of why you chose each element.