Classroom lesson · Festival · 🇲🇷 Mauritania

Festival des Cités Anciennes

A celebration of Mauritania's ancient desert cities

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Festival des Cités Anciennes — the Festival of the Ancient Cities — is a joyful celebration held in Mauritania's historic desert towns like Chinguetti, Ouadane, and Tichitt. The festival brings together music, poetry, camel parades, traditional food, and craftspeople to honour the remarkable ancient cultures of the Sahara. It is a moment when communities gather to be proud of where they come from.

Tell me more

The festival usually takes place in the ancient walled towns that were once great centres of learning and trade. Streets fill with musicians playing ardin and tidinit, poets performing medh (devotional praise poetry set to a woodblock rhythm), and storytellers who know the old tales of desert caravans by heart.

One of the most spectacular parts of the festival is the camel parade, where beautifully decorated camels are led through the streets wearing colourful saddle cloths and ornaments. Their owners dress in traditional robes and turbans, and the camels are trained to walk slowly and proudly for the crowd.

Craftspeople set up stalls selling silverwork, leather goods, and woven baskets — traditional skills that have been passed down for generations in the desert. Visitors can watch a silversmith hammering delicate patterns, or a weaver working at a loom, and buy something made by hand right in front of them.

The festival also includes open-air markets where every kind of food from the region is available: thieboudienne, méchoui (roasted lamb), sweet dates, and mint tea poured in great foaming streams. The smell of charcoal fires and spices drifts through the old mud-brick alleys.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might celebrating ancient cities and traditions help people feel proud of where they come from?
  2. 02The festival includes music, food, crafts, and parades. What would you include if you were organising a festival to celebrate your own local history?
  3. 03The festival invites visitors from outside the community. What are the benefits of sharing your culture with outsiders?
  4. 04Medh is poetry set to a rhythm and performed live. How is this similar to or different from rap or spoken-word poetry you might know?
Try this

Classroom activity

Plan your own 'ancient school festival'. As a class, brainstorm what makes your school community special — its history, skills people have, foods from different families. Create five 'stalls': one for stories, one for food, one for crafts, one for music, one for games. Design a poster for your festival and write a two-sentence description for each stall.