Classroom lesson · Music · 🇷🇺 Russia

Balalaika

Russia's iconic triangular stringed instrument

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The balalaika is a Russian musical instrument with a distinctive triangular wooden body and three strings. It is plucked or strummed with the fingers, making bright, ringing, jangly sounds. You can find balalaikas in several different sizes - from tiny ones that fit in a child's hands to enormous bass balalaikas as big as a cello - and they are often played together in large orchestras.

Tell me more

The balalaika's triangular shape makes it immediately recognisable - there is no other instrument in the world quite like it. The three strings are usually made from nylon today, though historically they were made from gut. Players pluck individual strings for melody or strum across all three strings together for a rich, chiming chord. The flat back of the instrument rests against the player's body while the arm wraps around the triangular front.

Balalaikas became popular across Russia several hundred years ago and were played at village dances, celebrations and market fairs. Different sizes of balalaika play different pitches, from the small prima (highest pitched) to the giant contrabass (lowest pitched). When an entire orchestra of balalaikas plays together, covering from the highest to the lowest notes, the combined sound is warm, joyful and unmistakably Russian.

Many of the most famous Russian folk songs and dances are traditionally played on the balalaika. One of the most well-known is a song called 'Korobeiniki', which became world-famous as the theme tune to the computer game Tetris - so if you have ever played Tetris, you have already heard a piece of balalaika-inspired music. Today the balalaika is enjoyed both as a folk instrument and in classical concert halls.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01The balalaika is triangular and unlike any other instrument. Can you think of other things we recognise instantly just by their shape?
  2. 02The Tetris theme is based on a centuries-old folk song. How does it feel to know that old music can become popular again in a new way?
  3. 03Different sized balalaikas play different pitches. Why do orchestras need instruments that play different ranges of notes?
Try this

Classroom activity

Play the Tetris theme tune to the class. Can children clap or tap the rhythm? Then explain its origins as a Russian folk song. Challenge children to draw their own imaginary instrument: give it a name, describe its shape, explain what it is made from, and say how it makes sound.