Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇷🇺 Russia

Brown Bear

Russia's much-loved national symbol

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The brown bear is Russia's national animal and a very important symbol of the country. Russia is home to more brown bears than any other country in the world - about half of all the world's brown bears live in Russian forests. These powerful, intelligent animals are found from the forests of European Russia all the way east to Kamchatka on the Pacific coast.

Tell me more

Brown bears are omnivores, which means they eat both plants and animals. Through spring and summer they munch on berries, roots, mushrooms, honey, insects and fish. In Kamchatka, rivers fill with salmon every year and the bears gather in large numbers to catch the fish as they leap upstream. A bear can eat enormous amounts in autumn to build up fat stores for winter - sometimes adding 180 kilograms of body weight before hibernation.

In winter, brown bears go into a deep sleep called hibernation in a cosy den they dig in a hillside or under tree roots. During hibernation their heart rate slows right down and they live entirely off their fat reserves for four to six months. In spring they emerge hungry and thin, and immediately begin searching for the first spring plants to eat.

In Russian folk stories, the bear is often called 'Misha' - a friendly nickname - and appears as a wise, powerful but good-natured character. The bear features in countless Russian fairy tales, toys, songs and even the famous Misha mascot for the 1980 Moscow Olympics. Today Russia works hard to protect bears and their forest habitat, and scientists study their behaviour by fitting some bears with special radio collars.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Bears eat enormous amounts before winter to survive hibernation. What other animals prepare for winter in clever ways?
  2. 02The bear is Russia's national animal. Does your country have a national animal? Why was it chosen?
  3. 03Bears appear in Russian stories as wise and friendly. Why do you think storytellers chose a powerful animal for a friendly character?
Try this

Classroom activity

Create a 'bear calendar' across 12 boxes (one per month). Draw or write what a brown bear is doing each month: cubs born in the den (January/February), emerging in spring (March), eating berries (summer), catching salmon (autumn), entering den (November/December). Compare the bear's year with your own year.