Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇸🇩 Sudan

Nubian Ibex

The sure-footed mountain goat of Sudan's rocky hills

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Nubian ibex is a wild goat that lives on steep, rocky cliffs and mountain slopes in north-east Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. It has extraordinary long, curved horns and can scramble up rocks that look completely impossible to climb. Sudan is one of the places where small groups of these graceful animals still roam.

Tell me more

Nubian ibex are built for life on cliffsides. Their hooves have hard outer edges for gripping rock and soft, rubbery inner pads that work like sticky suction cups. This design lets them walk along ledges only a few centimetres wide and leap between rocks several metres apart without slipping. Watching them move on a sheer cliff face can look like magic.

The horns of a male Nubian ibex can grow up to a metre long, curving backwards in a graceful arc. Males use their horns to impress females and sometimes to spar with each other — they rear up on their back legs and clash horns together, making a loud cracking sound. Females have much shorter, thinner horns.

Nubian ibex eat grasses, leaves and the thin dry plants that grow in rocky desert areas. Because food and water are scarce, they are most active in the early morning and late afternoon when it is cooler. During the hottest part of the day they rest in the shade of overhanging rocks. Their sandy-brown coat blends perfectly with the colour of desert cliffs, making them hard to spot even when they are sitting still.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01How are the ibex's hooves designed differently from a shoe you might wear on a slippery surface? What do they have in common?
  2. 02Why might it help the ibex to have a coat that matches the colour of the rocks?
  3. 03If you were designing a shoe to climb rocky cliffs, what features would you include?
Try this

Classroom activity

Camouflage challenge! Print or draw a simple rocky cliff background. Each child colours and cuts out a Nubian ibex shape, then chooses colours to make it blend in as well as possible. Hold them up against the background — whose ibex is hardest to spot? Discuss why camouflage matters for wild animals.