Classroom lesson · Pamir Mountains · 🇹🇯 Tajikistan

Pamir Mountains

The Roof of the World — where some of the highest peaks on Earth gather together

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Pamir Mountains are a huge group of mountains in the centre of Asia, and most of them are inside Tajikistan. They are so high and remote that explorers once called them the Roof of the World. Many of the peaks are higher than anything in Europe or North America.

Tell me more

The Pamirs are one of the highest mountain ranges on the whole planet. The peaks soar more than 7,000 metres above sea level — that is almost as high as a passenger aeroplane flies. At those heights the air is very thin and cold, and snow covers the ground even in summer.

Wide, flat valleys called plateau valleys run between the mountains. Because the mountains are so tall, they block most rain from reaching Tajikistan, so many valleys look more like a rocky desert than a green meadow. Rivers that begin here flow all the way to China, Afghanistan and the lowlands of Central Asia.

People have lived in Pamir villages for thousands of years. The Pamiri people are expert at building warm homes from stone and wood that keep families cosy even when temperatures drop far below freezing outside. Their traditions — including special music, food and crafts — have been passed down for many generations.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why might people call a mountain range the 'Roof of the World'? What other things in your life have a roof?
  2. 02If you lived in a village at 3,000 metres above sea level, what might everyday life be like compared to where you live now?
  3. 03Rivers from the Pamirs travel to many countries. How does sharing a river connect people who have never met?
Try this

Classroom activity

Using a sheet of paper, make a mountain profile: draw a flat baseline, then draw mountain peaks of different heights. Label the tallest one 7,495 metres (Ismoil Somoni Peak). Mark where 1,000 m (a very tall hill), 3,000 m (a high mountain) and 7,000 m (Pamir level) sit. Compare each height to something children know — Big Ben is 96 m, Everest is 8,849 m.