Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇹🇴 Tonga

Green Sea Turtle

Ancient ocean travellers that nest on Tonga's beaches

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Green sea turtles are large, ancient-looking reptiles that have been swimming in Earth's oceans for more than 100 million years. In Tonga they nest on sandy beaches and feed in the shallow reefs, and snorkellers often glide alongside them in the clear lagoon water.

Tell me more

Green sea turtles are not actually green on the outside — their shells are usually brown or olive-coloured. They get their name from the greenish colour of their fat, which comes from eating lots of seagrass and algae. They are big animals: an adult can be about 1.5 metres long and weigh over 150 kilograms, roughly the weight of two large adults.

In the water, turtles look weightless. Their front flippers work like wings, pulling them through the sea with slow, graceful strokes. They can hold their breath for several hours when resting, but usually come up to the surface every few minutes to breathe. Snorkellers in Tonga's lagoons sometimes find themselves swimming alongside a turtle that seems completely unbothered, munching on seagrass with a calm, unhurried expression.

Female green sea turtles return to the same beach where they hatched to lay their own eggs — sometimes travelling thousands of kilometres across the ocean to find it. Scientists think they use the Earth's magnetic field like a built-in compass to navigate. In Tonga, certain beaches are protected nesting areas, and local communities watch over the nests to help hatchlings make their dash to the sea safely.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Female turtles travel thousands of kilometres to return to the beach where they were born. What senses or abilities do you think help them find their way?
  2. 02Green sea turtles have been on Earth for over 100 million years. What do you think has helped them survive for so long?
  3. 03Local communities in Tonga help protect turtle nesting beaches. How can ordinary people help look after wildlife near where they live?
Try this

Classroom activity

Give each child a piece of paper and ask them to design a 'turtle passport'. It should include: the turtle's species, where it was born (a Tongan beach), where it travelled to (draw a simple ocean map), what it ate on the way, and where it is going back to. Share passports and compare the different journeys.