Classroom lesson · Music · 🇧🇸 Bahamas

Rake and Scrape

The folk music of the Family Islands

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Rake and scrape is a cheerful, old-fashioned folk music that comes from the quieter Family Islands of the Bahamas, far from the big cities. It is played on unusual instruments: a carpenter's saw played with a nail or screwdriver (the 'scrape'), an accordion, and a goatskin drum. The sound is bouncy, friendly, and impossible not to dance to.

Tell me more

The most distinctive instrument in rake and scrape music is the carpenter's saw. A musician holds the saw handle between their knees, bends the flat blade into a curve, and then draws a metal implement along the serrated teeth. This creates a wavering, singing tone that sounds almost like a human voice. The pitch changes depending on how much the saw is bent.

Rake and scrape music developed on the out-islands — the smaller, more remote Bahamian islands also called the Family Islands — where people had to make music from whatever they had around them. A carpenter's saw was not a musical instrument, but a creative musician discovered that it could make a beautiful sound, and the tradition grew from there.

The music is closely linked to dancing, particularly a style called the 'jump-up' where people dance freely and energetically. At festivals, regattas, and outdoor parties on the Family Islands, rake and scrape bands play long into the evening while families and friends gather to eat, talk, and dance.

Rake and scrape is considered an important piece of Bahamian cultural heritage. In recent years, younger musicians have started learning it, and schools in the Bahamas include it in their arts programmes to make sure this unique tradition is not forgotten. It is a reminder that music can come from the most unexpected places.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01The carpenter's saw was not designed as an instrument but became one. Can you think of other everyday objects that people have turned into musical instruments?
  2. 02Rake and scrape developed because people used whatever they had around them. What does this tell us about human creativity?
  3. 03Why do you think it might be important to teach traditional music in schools?
  4. 04If you could invent a new instrument from everyday objects, what would you use and what sound would you try to make?
Try this

Classroom activity

Try to make music from three everyday classroom objects (a ruler on a desk edge, a pencil case tapped with a pen, hands clapping in different ways). Practise a short repeating pattern with each 'instrument', then combine all three and perform your rake-and-scrape-inspired piece to the class.