Classroom lesson · Antigua Colonial City · 🇬🇹 Guatemala

Antigua Colonial City

A colourful 500-year-old city with cobbled streets and fountains

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Antigua is one of the best-preserved colonial cities in all of the Americas. Its streets are paved with round black cobblestones, and the buildings are painted in bright yellows, oranges, pinks, and blues. Antigua is so well kept that UNESCO named it a World Heritage Site, and people travel from all over the world to walk its beautiful streets.

Tell me more

Antigua was founded in 1543 and was once the capital of a huge Spanish colony covering most of Central America. The city was designed in a grid pattern — every street runs either north-south or east-west — so it is very easy to get around. In the centre sits a lovely park with a fountain where people gather to chat, eat, and relax.

The buildings in Antigua are famous for their thick walls, arched doorways, and flower-filled inner courtyards. Churches, convents, and old mansions line the streets. Some of the beautiful old ruins have been left just as they are, with flowers and trees growing inside them, making them like open-air gardens.

Antigua is surrounded by three volcanoes — Agua, Fuego, and Acatenango. Volcán Fuego, which means 'Fire Volcano', sometimes puffs little clouds of smoke and ash, which you can see from the city's streets. Watching a living volcano from a café while eating breakfast is quite an unusual experience.

The city is also famous for its chocolate. Guatemala has grown cacao (the plant chocolate is made from) for thousands of years — the Maya were among the very first people in the world to drink chocolate. In Antigua today there are museums and workshops where you can watch chocolate being made from the raw beans.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Antigua was planned as a grid — every street is perfectly straight. What are the advantages of planning a city that way?
  2. 02The Maya drank chocolate long before the rest of the world had even heard of it. How do you think new foods spread from one part of the world to another?
  3. 03If you could design the perfect city square, what would you put in it?
Try this

Classroom activity

On squared paper, design a grid-pattern town like Antigua. Draw a central park with a fountain. Add streets, colour the buildings in bright Central American colours, and label what each building is. Then write one sentence explaining why you chose that colour scheme.