Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇨🇮 Ivory Coast

Pygmy Hippopotamus

A shy, miniature hippo hiding in the rainforest

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The pygmy hippopotamus is a much smaller, shyer cousin of the common hippo. While a regular hippo can weigh 3,000 kilograms, a pygmy hippo weighs only about 270 kilograms – roughly the size of a large black bear. It hides in the forests and swamps of West Africa, and Côte d'Ivoire's Taï National Park is one of its last strongholds.

Tell me more

Unlike common hippos that live in groups and spend their days in rivers, pygmy hippos are mostly solitary and nocturnal – they prefer to wander alone through the forest at night, looking for roots, grasses, fallen fruit, and ferns to eat. During the day they rest in dense vegetation beside streams.

Their skin secretes a natural pink oily substance that acts like a sunscreen and moisturiser. Scientists once thought pygmy hippos were sweating blood because of the pinkish colour, but it is actually this clever natural skin cream that keeps them cool and protected from the sun.

Pygmy hippos are very rare. Fewer than 3,000 are thought to remain in the wild, mostly in Côte d'Ivoire, Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Guinea. Their forest habitat must be protected if they are to survive. Taï National Park is one of the most important places in the world for their future.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Being nocturnal means an animal is active at night. What advantages might that give a shy animal like the pygmy hippo?
  2. 02Why do you think the pygmy hippo's natural sunscreen surprised scientists when they first saw it?
  3. 03What challenges might scientists face when studying an animal that hides in dense forest at night?
Try this

Classroom activity

Compare the pygmy hippo and the common hippo using a side-by-side fact card. Include weight, size, habitat, social behaviour (alone or groups), and diet. Use what you have read and pictures to illustrate each card. Which differences surprise you the most?