Classroom lesson · Music · 🇲🇱 Mali

Kora Music

21 strings, one gourd — the harp of West Africa

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The kora is a West African musical instrument with 21 strings stretched across a large dried gourd covered in cow skin. It is played like a harp, plucked with the thumbs and forefingers of both hands at the same time. The sound is sparkling and rippling — like raindrops on still water. Mali is home to some of the world's greatest kora players, including the legendary Toumani Diabaté.

Tell me more

Making a kora takes great skill. A large gourd is dried, cut in half, covered with cow skin and fitted with a long wooden neck. Then 21 strings — originally leather, now fishing line or nylon — are attached in two parallel rows. The player holds the instrument upright, resting the gourd against their stomach, and plucks the strings with the thumbs and first two fingers of each hand.

Toumani Diabaté is Mali's most famous kora master and comes from a family that has played the kora for over 70 generations — that is more than 700 years of kora players in one family. He learned to play as a tiny child and went on to play with musicians from all over the world, bringing the sound of the Malian kora to concert halls in New York, London and Tokyo. He has never had a music lesson — everything was learned by listening and playing.

The kora is traditionally played by griots — special storytelling musicians in West African society who hold the history of communities in their songs. A griot's songs can tell the story of a family's ancestors, celebrate a hero or welcome an important guest. Because they memorise so many long stories, griots are sometimes called 'the living libraries' of West Africa.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Toumani Diabaté learned to play by listening and copying, not from written music. What skills have you learned the same way — by watching and doing?
  2. 02Griot musicians memorise hundreds of songs and stories. Why was it important to have people who could remember history before books were common?
  3. 03If you played an instrument and could only pass it on to one person in the future, who would you choose and why?
Try this

Classroom activity

Make a simple string instrument. Stretch rubber bands of different thicknesses across a tissue box or similar open container. Pluck each band and listen — which is highest? Which is lowest? Try plucking two at once to make a chord. Now improvise a 30-second tune and give it a name. Discuss: how is this similar to how a kora works?