Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇰🇵 North Korea

Mandarin Duck

One of the world's most colourful ducks, native to East Asia

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Mandarin duck is one of the most strikingly colourful birds in the world. The male has feathers of orange, green, purple and white arranged in an extraordinary pattern, while the female is beautifully patterned in brown and white. These ducks live near wooded rivers and lakes across East Asia, including the mountain streams of the Korean peninsula.

Tell me more

Male Mandarin ducks grow special sail-shaped orange feathers on their wings each breeding season — these stick up like little fans and are unique among ducks worldwide. After breeding season the male moults into a plainer brown plumage that looks a bit like the female's. By winter the brilliant colours are back.

Mandarin ducks are unusual among ducks because they nest in holes in trees, sometimes high up above the ground. When the ducklings hatch, they jump down from the nest hole and bounce safely on the leaf-litter below, then follow their mother to the nearest water.

These ducks eat seeds, acorns, small fish, frogs and snails. They prefer quiet streams and ponds under woodland canopy, where overhanging branches give them cover. In autumn they gather near oak trees to eat fallen acorns.

In East Asian art and culture, Mandarin ducks are traditionally a symbol of love and happiness because pairs are often seen swimming close together. They appear in Korean embroidery, wooden carvings and on decorative items given as gifts.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Mandarin ducklings have to jump from tree holes when they hatch. What is the bravest thing you have ever done?
  2. 02The male duck is very colourful but the female is plain brown. Why might this difference in colour be helpful for each bird?
  3. 03Many cultures use animals as symbols — cranes for peace, tigers for bravery, ducks for love. Can you think of animals used as symbols in your own country?
Try this

Classroom activity

Draw and colour a pair of Mandarin ducks — one male in full breeding plumage, one female. Label five different colours you used on the male. Write one sentence explaining why the female's colours might help her stay safe on the nest.