Classroom lesson · Wildlife · 🇸🇾 Syria

Syrian Brown Bear

A rare bear that lives in Syria's northern mountains

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

The Syrian brown bear is a subspecies of brown bear that lives in the mountainous forests of Syria, Turkey and nearby countries. It is smaller and paler than the brown bears found in Europe and North America, with a lighter sandy-brown coat. Once common across the region, it is now rare and scientists work hard to protect the populations that remain.

Tell me more

Syrian brown bears are omnivores - they eat plants and animals, but mostly plants. Their diet includes berries, nuts, roots, insects, honey and occasionally fish or small animals. Like all brown bears, they have a brilliant sense of smell - around seven times better than a dog's - which they use to find food across the mountain landscape.

In winter, Syrian brown bears enter a long sleep called torpor (similar to hibernation). They find a sheltered den, slow their heartbeat and breathing right down, and live off stored body fat for months. A female bear may even give birth to her cubs inside the den during this winter rest. The cubs are tiny at birth - about the size of a squirrel - and grow fast drinking their mother's rich milk.

The bears live in the mountainous forests of northwest Syria where the climate is cooler and wetter than the rest of the country. Oak, pine and other trees provide cover and food. The same mountain zone is also home to wolves, wild boar, deer and eagles, making it a rich wildlife corridor.

Scientists and conservationists track Syrian brown bears to understand their habits and help populations survive. Because the bears roam across borders between different countries, international cooperation is needed to protect them - a reminder that wildlife does not recognise borders and nature conservation is a team effort between nations.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Why do you think bears evolved to sleep through winter instead of staying active all year?
  2. 02The bears live across more than one country. How does that make protecting them more complicated?
  3. 03If a bear's sense of smell is seven times better than a dog's, what do you think the world 'smells like' to a bear?
Try this

Classroom activity

Research one food that a Syrian brown bear might eat in each season: spring, summer, autumn and winter. Draw a simple four-season wheel showing each food. Why might food availability change across the year, and what happens when winter food runs out?