Classroom lesson · Food · 🇹🇬 Togo

Fufu with Sauce Arachide

Smooth dough balls eaten with a rich peanut sauce

Photo · Wikimedia Commons

What is it?

Fufu is a smooth, stretchy dough made by pounding cooked cassava or yam until it becomes soft and elastic, a bit like very thick mashed potato. It is eaten all over West Africa and is one of Togo's most loved meals. In Togo it is almost always served alongside sauce arachide — a rich, warming peanut sauce made from ground roasted peanuts, tomatoes, and spices.

Tell me more

Making fufu is hard work and a bit of a performance. A large wooden mortar (a deep bowl) and a heavy pestle (a long stick) are used to pound the cooked cassava. Someone has to turn and fold the dough between each pound so it does not stick. In many Togolese households, pounding fufu is done by two people working in a rhythm — one turning, one pounding — and the thudding sound can be heard from several houses away.

Sauce arachide begins with roasted peanuts ground into a smooth paste — like making peanut butter from scratch. The paste is cooked in a pot with tomatoes, onions, a little chilli, and sometimes chicken, fish, or leafy vegetables. As it simmers, the kitchen fills with a deep, nutty, golden smell. The final sauce is thick and velvety.

To eat fufu, you tear off a small piece with your fingers, press your thumb in to make a little cup shape, and scoop up some sauce. No spoon needed — your hand is the spoon. Fufu is eaten warm, and the moment you dip it into the sauce, the peanut richness soaks right in. It is filling, nutritious, and deeply comforting.

In the classroom

Walk your class through this in 15 minutes.

Talk together

Discussion prompts

  1. 01Fufu is eaten with your fingers rather than a fork. What other foods around the world are traditionally eaten by hand?
  2. 02Peanuts originally came from South America and travelled to West Africa through trade. Can you think of other foods that have journeyed from one part of the world to another?
  3. 03Making fufu involves two people pounding in a rhythm together. Why might food preparation be a way for communities to connect?
Try this

Classroom activity

Hold a class 'peanut sauce tasting' using commercially made smooth peanut butter as a base (check for allergies first). Mix small amounts with warm water, tomato paste, and a pinch of salt to make a simple dipping sauce. Taste it with plain bread torn into fufu-sized pieces. Then design the label for a jar of 'Togolese sauce arachide' — include the name in English and French, ingredients, and a colourful design.